Wednesday, 28 May 2014

How to create a bootable pendrive for XP, Vista, Win 7 and Win 8

Step 1
Insert  your pen drive in Laptop.

Step 2
Go to Start and type cmd in RUN and press ENTER

Step 3
Type  DISKPART  and press ENTER (DISKPART should be in CAPS)

Step 4
Type  LIST  DISK   and press ENTER
It will show all available disk in your system. Disk ‘0’ is usually will be your hard disk. . In my case Disk ‘1’ is the pen drive (This can be different so please make sure about that before proceed)

Step 5
Type  SELECT  DISK  1  and press ENTER

Step 6
Type  CLEAN  and press ENTER

Step 7
Type CREATE  PARTITION  PRIMARY   and press ENTER

Step 8
Type  SELECT  PARTITION  1  and press ENTER

Step 9
Type  ACTIVE  and press ENTER

Step 10
Type FORMAT  FS=NTFS  and press ENTER
Wit till 100%

Step 11
Type  ASSIGN  and press ENTER

Step 12
Type EXIT and press ENTER.


Tuesday, 27 May 2014

Story of Mine: LOVE


Story of Mine: LOVE

                                                  Chapter-3 (Facebook)

MISSION FACEBOOK starts from the 2012. I usually used to check her out  while online but I didn't chatted with her. It may be because I was shy or there may be some other reason but the thing is I do not had the guts to talk to her.

Then after 2 weeks I simply sent " Hai ". I didn't get reply from her so, after waiting around one and half an hour I decided to log out but thank god she replied at last . 
I don't know what to do... so just with stunned mind I started to reply her. 



I asked "How are you? "

After 5 minutes she replied " I am Fine. How are you? "

This continued for many days because I don’t have the guts to send anything other than How are you?  I don’t know how to extend that conversation so I planned to stick with studies so I started to talk about studies.

I believe that was the greatest thing one can do to ruin his own love. From that day onwards she always talked about studies studies!!!! God that’s really sucks!!

Then at one stage I can’t handle that condition anymore so with adopted braveness I begin to talk about something which do not comes under the category of  Studies!! She too responded well so I was happy!! And I was flying in the air…

I asked her mobile number. But as like most of the Indian girls she refused it. She didn’t give her mobile number. I continued to ask but the result was negative all the time. After many struggles she told that she will give her number at our next meeting in FB.
After a week, that day comes. But fate has changed my mind and made me to propose her before even getting her mobile number.  Anyhow that was the most wonderful day of my life.


As like planned, I purposely proposed her on that day with some prior calculations because even if she got angry she would not hurt me because that was her birthday. No one wants to ruin their own birthday right???  That was my plan. I always wants to be in safer side right.

Sunday, 25 May 2014

GOOGLE CHROME OS

GOOGLE CHROME OS
Google Chrome OS is a Linux operating system designed by Google to work exclusively with web applications. It is intended to focus on Web applications while running a fast and simple interface, based off Google's existing Chrome browser. Google announced the operating system on July 7, 2009 and made it an open source project, called Chromium OS, that November.
Unlike Chromium OS, which can be compiled from the downloaded source code, Chrome OS will only ship on specific hardware from Google's manufacturing partners. The user interface takes a minimalist approach, resembling that of the Chrome web browser. Because Google Chrome OS is aimed at users who spend most of their computer time on the Internet, the only application on the device will be a browser incorporating a media player.
Google Chrome OS is initially intended for secondary devices like net books, not as a user's primary PC, and will run on hardware incorporating an x86 or ARM-based processor. Chrome OS as a "hardened" operating system featuring auto-updating and sandbox features that will reduce malware exposure. Google claimed that Chrome OS would be the most secure consumer operating system due in part to a verified boot capability, in which the initial boot code, stored in read-only memory, checks for system compromises.

INTRODUCTION
Speed is an unsaid feature of the Google Chrome OS. With Google Chrome's tremendous booting speed and more, users have a lot to say about experiencing 'waitlessness'. Waitlessness, in Google's terms, means never having to wait for the web.

Chrome notebooks boot in about 10 seconds and resume from sleep instantly. Websites load quickly and run smoothly, with full support for the latest web standards and Adobe Flash. The web evolves rapidly. Your Chrome notebook evolves with it. Every time you turn it on, it upgrades itself with the latest features and fixes. Annoying update prompts not included.

The portion of the operating system needed to operate the device will reside in a read-only section of memory. The rest of the operating system is integrated with the Chrome browser and, like the browser, security updates require nothing more than a reboot. Chrome OS can run multiple Web applications in multiple tabs and each one is locked down from all others, so vulnerability in one Web app can't lead to exposure in another.

HISTORY

Google developers began coding the operating system in 2009, inspired by the growing popularity and lower power consumption of net books and the focus of these small laptops on Internet access. To ascertain marketing requirements for an operating system focused on net book Web transactions, the company did not do the usual demographic research generally associated with a large software development project. Instead, engineers relied on more informal metrics, including monitoring the usage patterns of some 200 Chrome OS machines used by Google employees. Developers also noted their own usage patterns. Matthew Papakipos, former engineering director for the Chrome OS project, put three machines in his house and found himself logging in for brief sessions: to make a single search query or send a short email.
On November 19, 2009, Google released Chrome OS's source code as the Chromium OS project. As with other open source projects, developers are modifying code from Chromium OS and building their own versions, whereas Google Chrome OS code will only be supported by Google and its partners, and will only run on hardware designed for the purpose. Unlike Chromium OS, Chrome OS will be automatically updated to the latest version. Information reviewer Serdar Yegulalp wrote that Chrome OS will be a product, developed to "a level of polish and a degree of integration with its host hardware that Chromium OS does not have by default," whereas Chromium OS is a project, "a common baseline from which the finished work is derived" as well as a pool for derivative works. The product and project will be developed in parallel and borrow from each other.

At a November 19, 2009 news conference, Sundar Pichai, the Google vice president overseeing Chrome, demonstrated an early version of the operating system. He previewed a desktop which looked very similar to the Chrome browser, and in addition to the regular browser tabs also had application tabs, which take less space and can be pinned for easier access. At the conference, the operating system booted up in seven seconds, a time Google said it would work to reduce.

Also on November 19, 2009, Chris Kenyon, vice president of OEM services at Canonical Ltd announced that Canonical "is contributing engineering to Google [Chrome OS] under contract. In our discussions, Sundar Pichai and Linus Upson made it clear that they want, wherever feasible, to build on existing components and tools from the open source community without unnecessary re-invention. This clear focus should benefit a wide variety of existing projects and we welcome it."

On January 25, 2010, Google posted notes, images and a video of a conceptual design showing how a Chrome OS user interface might look on a tablet PC with a 5–10 inch screen. The design would include the same basic layout as on net books, but with a touch interface; an onscreen qwerty keyboard in different layouts; large, square icons placed above the tabs; and panels placed along the bottom edge that could be opened with an upward dragging motion. The posting was made two days before Apple announced the iPad tablet. On March 16, 2011, several changes to Chromium OS were made which indicate the development of a tablet version of Google Chrome OS.

In March 2010, Google indicated that consideration is being given to developing two versions of the operating system, a consumer version and an enterprise version.

USE OF CLOUD
Users of devices running Chrome will have to perform all their computing online or "in the cloud," without downloading traditional software applications like iTunes and Microsoft Office, or storing files on hard drives. Devices running Chrome will receive continuous software updates, providing added security, and most user data will reside on Google's servers.

User data stored on the device, which is minimal, is encrypted. User data is limited to items such as user preferences. All other data will be stored in the cloud. User preferences will also be synched to a cloud account, so like any thin client. Should you lose the device, you would merely log in from another one and your data and preferences should be there.

Google's Chrome OS, is designed to be a very fast, lightweight flavor of Linux that will be available on some net books and other PCs by the end of the year. Google hopes to achieve this small footprint and high performance by shipping an OS with only one installed program - their own Chrome browser. Users would work, live, and save things online, using Google's own cloud computing services and other similar utilities, like Microsoft's Office Web Apps . This is of course a shift from today's computing environment, where most programs are installed locally on the computer's hard drive

Design goals for Google Chrome OS's user interface include using minimal screen space by combining applications and standard Web pages into a single tab strip, rather than separating the two. Designers are considering a reduced window management scheme that would operate only in full-screen mode. Secondary tasks would be handled with "panels": floating windows that dock to the bottom of the screen for tasks like chat and music players. Split screens are also under consideration for viewing two pieces of content side-by-side. Google Chrome OS will follow the Chrome browser's practice of leveraging HTML5’s offline modes, background processing, and notifications. Designers propose using search and pinned tabs as a way to quickly locate and access 

FEATURES
  • Speed: One of the major advantages of Chrome OS is its impressive speed. Due to the fact that there is virtually no local program to load, the start-up time for Chrome OS is expected to be in seconds rather than minutes.
  • Security: Another advantage Google Chrome OS has over traditional operating systems is in the area of computer security. Users will no longer have to install antivirus programs to protect their computers.
  • Support for processor: Google promises that it will be writing native code for both popular net-book CPUs x86 & arm architectures.
  • Applications: Any Web application that runs in a standards compliant browser should work on a Chrome OS device. But Chrome OS is focused on supporting new protocols such as HTML 5, which, among other improvements, natively supports rich media.
  • Support to Microsoft office: Chrome OS would handle Office documents - via Microsoft Office Live, the free Web app version of Office available to Windows Live users. If a user clicks on an .xls document, Chrome launches Excel via the browser in Office Live.

NEW WINDOW MANAGER AND GRAPHICS ENGINE

On April 10, 2012, a new build of Chrome OS offered a choice between the original full-screen window interface and overlapping, re-sizable windows, such as found on Microsoft Windows and Apple's Mac OS X. The feature was implemented through the Ash window manager, which runs atop the Aura hardware-accelerated graphics engine. The April 2012 upgrade also included the ability to display smaller, overlapping browser windows, each with its own translucent tabs, browser tabs that can be "torn" and dragged to new positions or merged with another tab strip, and a mouse-enabled shortcut list across the bottom of the screen. One icon on the task bar shows a list of installed apps and bookmarks. Writing in CNET, Stephen Shankland argued that with overlapping windows, "Google is anchoring itself into the past" as both iOS and Microsoft's Metro interface are largely or entirely full-screen. Even so, "Chrome OS already is different enough that it's best to preserve any familiarity that can be preserved".

HARDWARE


Laptops running Chrome OS are known collectively as "Chromebooks". The first was the CR-48, a reference hardware design that Google gave to testers and reviewers beginning in December 2010. Retail machines followed in May 2011, including a desktop design known as a Chrome box

RELATIONSHIP TO ANDROID

Google's successive introductions of the popular Android[27] and Chrome OS strategy has resulted in some critics of the dual open source, client-based operating systems. Microsoft CEO Steve Ballmer accused Google of not being able to make up its mind.[28] Steven Levy wrote that "the dissonance between the two systems was apparent" at the 2011 Google I/O developer conference. The event featured a daily press conference in which each team leader, Android's Andy Rubin and Chrome's Sundar Pichai, "unconvincingly tried to explain why the systems weren't competitive." Google co-founder Sergey Brin addressed the question by saying that owning two promising OS's was "a problem that most companies would love to face".[29] Brin suggested that the two operating systems "will likely converge over time."[30] The speculation over convergence increased in March 2013 when Chrome OS chief Pichai replaced Rubin as the senior vice president in charge of Android, thereby putting Pichai in charge of both.[31]

The July 2013 press introduction of the Chromecast HDMI stick, which was hosted by Pichai, demonstrated how the two operating systems could work in tandem. The Chromecast device has an embedded version of Chrome OS, which users control using a smartphone or tablet running Android (or Apple's iOS or a PC running the Chrome browser). Gigaom reporter Kevin C. Tofel described the relationship as "a merger of experiences and services", a strategy that "fits with Google’s overall theme of increasing user engagement in its ecosystem with Chrome as the underlying platform."

USER INTERFACE
Design goals for Chrome OS's user interface included using minimal screen space by combining applications and standard Web pages into a single tab strip, rather than separating the two. Designers considered a reduced window management scheme that would operate only in full-screen mode. Secondary tasks would be handled with "panels": floating windows that dock to the bottom of the screen for tasks like chat and music players. Split screens were also under consideration for viewing two pieces of content side-by-side. Chrome OS would follow the Chrome browser's practice of leveraging HTML5's offline modes, background processing, and notifications. Designers proposed using search and pinned tabs as a way to quickly locate and access applications.

 INTEGRATED MEDIA PLAYER, FILE MANAGER

Google integrates a media player into both Chrome OS and the Chrome browser; enabling users to play back MP3s, view JPEGs, and handle other multimedia files while offline.
Chrome OS also includes an integrated file manager resembling those found on other operating systems, with the ability to display folders and their associated files, as well as preview and manage file contents using a variety of Web applications, including Google Docs and Box.net.

PRINTING

Google Cloud Print is Google's proposed solution to help any application on any device to print on any printer. While the cloud provides virtually any connected device with information access, the task of "developing and maintaining print subsystems for every combination of hardware and operating system – from desktops to net books to mobile devices – simply isn't feasible." However, the cloud service would entail installing a piece of software, called a proxy, as part of Chrome OS. The proxy would register the printer with the service, manage the print jobs, provide the printer driver functionality, and give status alerts for each job.

LINK HANDLING

Chrome OS was designed with the intention of having user documents and files stored on online servers. However, both Chrome OS and the Chrome browser have unresolved decisions regarding handling specific file types offline. For example, if a JPEG is opened from a local storage device, should a specific Web application be automatically opened to view it, and if so, which one? Similarly, if a user clicks on a .doc file, which website should open: Microsoft Office Live, Gview, or a previewing utility? The project director at that time, Matthew Papakipos, noted that Windows developers have faced the same fundamental problem: "QuickTime is fighting with Windows Media Player, which is fighting with Chrome." As the number of Web applications increases, the same problem arises.

SECURITY

In March 2010, Google software security engineer Will Drewry discussed Chrome OS security. Drewry described Chrome OS as a "hardened" operating system featuring auto-updating and sandbox features that will reduce malware exposure. He said that Chrome OS net books will be shipped with Trusted Platform Module, and include both a "trusted boot path" and a physical switch under the battery compartment that actuates a developer mode. That mode drops some specialized security functions but increases developer flexibility. Drewry also emphasized that the open source nature of the operating system will contribute greatly to its security by allowing constant developer feedback.

At a December 2010 press conference, Google claimed that Chrome OS would be the most secure consumer operating system due in part to a verified boot capability, in which the initial boot code, stored in read-only memory, checks for system compromises.

APPLICATIONS

Google has encouraged developers to build not just conventional Web applications for Chrome OS, but Packaged applications using the company's Package App Platform. Packaged apps are modified Web applications written in HTML5, JavaScript, and CSS. They have the look and feel of traditional "native" applications and lack the address bar, tab strip and other elements typically associated with an application that runs on a browser. Packaged apps load locally and are thus less dependent on the network and more apt to remain functional without an Internet connection.
CONCLUSION
Google Chrome OS is a Revolutionary Operating System.  It is a updated version of OS for Laptop and Desktop Computers.  It is available for enterprise computing solutions in succeeding releases.  It provides the additional features to the user than the Windows Operating System.


 REFERENCES
     1.       "Kernel Design: Background, Upgrades". Google. Retrieved September 7, 2011.
     2.       Google. "Google Chrome OS Terms of Service". Retrieved September 5, 2012.
     3.        Stokes, Jon (January 19, 2010). "Google talks Chrome OS, HTML5, and the future of software". Ars Technica. Retrieved January 23, 2010.
     4.        Chang, Vincent (March 20, 2013). "Five reasons to buy a Chromebook". CNET Asia. Retrieved 16 July 2013.
      5.       Sengupta, Caesar (November 19, 2009). "Releasing the Chromium OS open source project". Official Google Blog. Google, Inc. Retrieved November 19, 2009.

6.      Dylan F. Tweney (November 19, 2009). "Gadget Lab Hardware News and Reviews Google Chrome OS: Ditch Your Hard Drives, the Future Is the Web". Wired. Retrieved November 22, 2009.

7.      http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chrome_OS

Saturday, 24 May 2014

How to prepare for campus placements

A good job is essential for every human being to live a happy life. Choose a job you love and you will never have to work a day in your life. So that is why ,campus placement plays very important role in the life of the students. Each student would think about his/her on-campus placements right from the day they entered college. So to succeed in that we have to approach it in a systematic manner.



STEP 1:  Make a Good Resume
This is the very crucial part in your placements because, a good resume will increase your winning probability by 40%. Resume should be made according to your requirements. Before making a resume you should research in that. You should read about framing resumes in online forums, books,and atleast ask your friends etc.., A good student will start preparing  Resume 6 months ahead of the campus placements. The letters in resume should be in ordinary style and no need for any color changes, decorations and all. Just put it in a very simple and precise manner.
As freshers, you will not have any industry experience so, in that case you can talk about your internships, projects undertaken and your academic related training which helps you a lot to score more in your interview. A resume should have the  quality of expressing one's attitude.

STEP 2: Read the Surroundings
Know your college's placement status. Know the companies visiting your campus and their offerings. You can know it by talking to your placement officers. Try to grasp some knowledge about the companies which are all going to visit your campus.

STEP 3: Practise for written test
Written test conducting in the interviews are nothing but the company's strategy to test your time management. In case of numerical aptitude ,try to solve as many problems as possible and learn logic's of the numerals. You have work little more extra in case of technical.

STEP 4: Review your area of expertise
Go through the areas of your expertise because if a interviewer wants to ask questions related to your core this is the place where he/she asks. So just review the ideas given i, some basic ideas itself will be efficient.

STEP 5: Preparing for the interview
Practise the interview atleast 10 times before the real one by yourself. Because it is the only way for you to know yourself. Practise in-front of mirrors and read your body language because body language plays important role in the interviews. The interviewer's will judge you from the moment you entered the room.

  • Download some commonly asked interview questions from the internet
  • Next think about your weakness and strengths, your skills, your long term and short term goal etc..,
  • Try to talk with the peoples having industry experience because they are the only people  knows about the current trends in the industry.


STEP 6: Dress properly
While going to interviews always try to go in formals. Dress appropriately according to your situation. In countries like India wearing tie is not that much important. Always wear clean  and ironed dress.In case of girls, please don't wear too much or ornaments. Use friendly colonge.

STEP 7: checking the certificates
check all of your certificates 2 days prior to your interview. Check whether you took all your certificates or you left something. Always file the certificates. Its a good habit. And again check the certificates in the eve of your interview also.

STEP 8: walking to the Interview
On the day of your interview always go less-minded. Don't think about anything just be relax. Don't travel more than 30 kms on the day of the interview. It will make you look tired. Be there 30 mins before the interview starts. Always believe in you and the success is not far away.....

Friday, 23 May 2014

Story of Mine: LOVE

Story of Mine: LOVE
                                                             CHAPTER-2 (College)

It was a Monday, I was very sick of my course loads and assignments so, I decided to bunk my classes and I wanted to go somewhere or at least I was looking forward to a fun breakfast with my friend. 

While moving with him, as like seen in movies I heard a group of angels singing around my ears and it was like some light shone upon me from the god. It was totally a cool and unexpected feeling!!!

Then, I noticed some 15-20 girls were standing in groups at my 3' o clock. My eyes were searching something, someone I always wanted to see, the one I can't live without. Then, I saw her in the middle of that group (that fresher day girl described in chapter 2) but, there truly was instant attraction. I left out the idea of going to breakfast with my friend because, I can’t stop watching her. 

In that instant, I sensed that my life would be a tragedy without her. So I started to do homework on her background so that I can easily approach her. I put my studies aside and I did research on her with full scale and I spent most of my times in finding out her place, her mobile number (mainly). I got everything I need within the short span by the help of my friends. 



She looks pretty innocent and lovely in every aspect. After knowing her attitude, I started to love her attitude more than her appearance. Though I got her number I decided not to call her untill she asks me to. Then I decided to move on with FACEBOOK. I gave friend requests to her and she too accepted me as we both were from same college. I gave friend requests not only to her but also to all of her relatives because in some way or another I have to get close to her. So, I took all my possibilities.

                                                [WILL CONTINUE........]







Story Of Mine : LOVE

Story Of Mine : LOVE

Story Of Mine: LOVE

                                                   CHAPTER-I (Fresher's day)

Hi Guys! I am here, in this post just going to share my experience in love, with you people. Let me start with my introduction. I am Mohamed Hanas and I, am pursuing my undergraduate degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering at a Government Institution. Like most of the teenagers in India, me too don't know the exact meaning of love at that time. I thought that love is just a thing which every college student will do just because they want some commitment. so that ,they can boost up their image in front of everyone and i had so many imagination about love but mostly negative.  In simple terms I can say "Love is a chemical high induced by our body so we wanna make babies" and I made lot of funny comments over love like this. But the reality lies far beyond that... my attitude was really changed at the moment i saw her.  She is the most beautiful girl i have ever seen in this world both by her heart and her appearance. I saw her in my college fresher's day function and i do not know anything about her at that moment but i started melting for her. That time, I experienced something within me.  Honestly, I did't experienced that thing before and still I cant express my feelings about that. I remember that beautiful scenerio on that day.  she was wearing a black dress and I am in my casuals as usual thats the first day of my college life and I want her to be in my class. she looked like a cute golden idol wrapped with soft, smooth silk cloth, the smile she had on  her face added extra points to her beauty and I cant do anything rather than simply watching her. My concentration was only on her and not on anything else. whether the guests were there are not, the principal is speaking or not, whether there is people or not, I dont care. My only focus was her. Only her.i was watching her like anything and continued it until the function ends and started following her to her classroom because i thought that she too belongs to my dept but unfortunately she did not. 
I went to some other department  following her and i found my department after 15 mins of struggling. From that day my views on love was changed. She made all my  previous thoughts about love wrong. I don't know whether I am in love or not but, really felt nice while watching her.. 

Wednesday, 21 May 2014

Youth Club's

NEED OF YOUTH CLUBS AT GROUND LEVEL
Introduction:
'India is a country with 60% of it's population as youth. The future of this country lies in the hands of this youth. I saw a vision that by the year 2020, this youth of our country would be the leading face of the world. India will rise and become a superpower and by 2020, the world will realize the real potential of India. To fufill this dream, it is upto the youth to work hard and make the country proud.'
                                                                                                           -Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam
Its Better  to Do Something Constructive and  Creative  in the free Time rather wasting
time….!!!
Youth are the Future of a Country. For making a country a better place to live, YOUTH
POWER is the basic Need.
                              In next few years India would be counted in developed countries of the world only if Youths of our country gives their's  best in various fields by power of ideas, abilities & dedication. Youth can contribute to INDIA'S success & progress only if they are equipped with proper skills and knowledge.  Governments are rolling out initiatives for all round progress of the youth; still much is to be done at ground level. Youth club provides dedication, hard work, innovativeness & quest of knowledge to bring INDIA in list of developed countries. 
 what is a youth club:
             Youth clubs give young people a low cost place to go outside of school, offering them a sense of belonging. The activities and support from club leaders and volunteers allow young people to learn new skills and build confidence and resilience for the future, as well as have fun.Young people choose to go there, with youth clubs open to all young people.
 what do youth clubs offer?
             There is everything from boxing to dance, as well as clubs focusing on the environment,  creative arts and leadership and work skills.
              Relationships are also at the heart of youth clubs  both with friends and the adults who work there. For some young people, their relationship with their youth worker or club volunteer may be the only meaningful relationship they have with an adult   and it can be life changing.Youth clubs offer something for everyone. The thing is one has to make sure that all the young minds were connected because youth clubs make a huge difference to young people’s  lives.

Life isn't easy for young people today
*Youth unemployment is reaching record levels, with young black people
  disproportionately affected.
*There’s more pressure than ever to be successful at school, college and university.
*Many young people are overweight and unfit.
*Mental health problems like depression, eating disorders and self-harming affect many
   young people.
*New technology like social media opens up new ways to communicate, but can lead to
  cyber bullying.
*Four out of five young people end up hanging out on the streets because there’s nowhere
  else to go, and 70% of young people believe people their age get involved in anti-social
  behaviour because they’re bored (YouGov Princes Trust Youth Index, 2008).

Youth clubs are part of the solution

          At the most basic level, youth clubs give young people something positive and fun to do, stopping them getting into trouble. But they achieve so much more than this. Clubs can change young people’s lives. They give teenagers vital skills like teamwork and leadership. They give young people a sense of belonging and a place in their community. Getting good at a particular skill builds their confidence. Sports clubs improve young people’s health and fitness. The leaders running clubs are often trained to give advice on everything from drugs to relationships.
             Youth clubs help make young people happy, healthy, well adjusted and able to make positive contribution to society and their communities.
The results speak for themselves:
80% said their youth club helped them to know right from wrong.
93% said their youth club was a safe place to go in their community.
73% said their youth club had provided support with schooling and education.
71% said their youth club helped their career development.
70% said their youth club had increased their participation in sports.

Getting girls more involved in youth clubs
                      From body issues to bullying, school work to relationships, young girls face so many pressures. Taking part in sports and activities helps them get fit, learn new skills, gives them somewhere safe to go and builds their self esteem. But despite these benefits, fewer girls than boys play sports and go to youth clubs.
 WHAT MAKES FOR A SUCCESSFULYOUTH CENTRE?
                      The five key ingredients for a sustainable youth centre: youth ownership, mentorship, community connectedness effective coordination, and a sustainable energy source. These concepts shift the focus away from the often allconsuming  stresses of money and facilities to critical factors such as community support, people resources, and youth adults relationships. The research indicates that success in these five areas makes it much more likely that a centre will find ways to meet its financial and facility needs. These ingredients are interconnected and serve to build upon each other to produce a successful centre.
 
Youth Ownership:
                Youth ownership involves the young people having a sense of responsibility for centre and a sense that they have input into what happens there. A brightly coloured and hand painted sign in one club says it all Respect . This is a great example of how youth can express themselves and convey the message that they govern their space. Self-policing amongst the users is another good indication of youth ownership. Although in many cases, adults play important roles in establishing rules and regulations for a centre, when youth ownership is present, the young people have input and have agreed.

Mentorship:
             

                    Mentors are individuals who provide inspiration and support to others. The co-ordinator of one community teen centre has built a strong relationship with the youth over two years. Some of the girls say that they think of her as their mom. She is someone that helps them smile when they’re down, but she also hangs out and play sports with everyone.
                    Mentorship can offer young people support, role models to emulate, inspiration for their passions or encouragement to define and seek their life goals. Everyone has mentors intheir lives and in turn can be inspirational role models for others. for a youth. Yet many of the co-ordinators expressed how much they have learned from the youth, whether it is the latest sayings and fashion trends or how to operate a computer and surf the net. In addition, there are innumerable ways that youth can mentor youth.
                           Mentorship allows each person the opportunity to make a difference in the lives of others. It builds relationships between youth and adults and between youth that are essential to creating a strong youth centre.

Community Connectedness:
                      Successful youth centres depend on support from community members to operate, both in terms of resources and volunteers. In turn the young people frequently give back to these communities to create a two-way connectedness. For example, in one town a dedicated group of teenagers shovels the steps of the local war memorial after eachsnowstorm. There is lots of laughter and the odd snowball fight as the youth contribute their time and receive recognition for it. Involving youth in direct service to the community has proven to be a highly effective means of empowerment and a means to spark broader citizen involvement important in community renewal (Warner and Langlois, 2002).
Breaking down the barrier between adults and youth takes a commitment from both populations to provide opportunities, services and resources for each other. Open, respectful communication channels must be established. Youth Centres have succeeded at this through:
  •                    holding community meetings
  •                   developing youth-adult partnerships on their governing boards
  •                   allowing members of the public to view the youth centre in operation
  •                   renting facilities for day care, community meetings, special events, etc.
  •                   youth providing community service
  •                    using the networks of adult coordinators or volunteers

At the root of community connectedness is the idea that individuals, businesses and organizations must care and take ownership for their youth and their concerns. Whether this occurs in a proactive manner or as a reaction to community events and problems, an effective youth-community partnership is vital to the well being of all, particularly the youth centre.
 Sustainable Energy Source:


The sustainable energy source was most often a person driving the project, motivating and drawing in others to help. Learning to build off of this energy and dedication without draining it, is a key to successful centres that maintain themselves over years. A former steelworker turned youth worker, is an exceptional example of the dedication and passion of many people associated with youth centres. His endless energy is undoubtedly one of the main reasons the youth club continues to survive in an otherwise struggling community. The club provides young people with a safe space to be themselves, and a dedicated individual to support them in their endeavours. Much like fuel for heating or transportation, to be sustainable, a youth centre’s energy source must be discovered, tapped, monitored and eventually transferred to a new source. The energy source must be constantly monitored to ensure that it does not burn out prematurely. Each person has unique ways of coping with stress and large workloads, which both the person and those around them must recognize and support. It is also import to avoid exclusively depending on one individual, both to prevent burnout and provide opportunities for others to grow and learn as they take on challenging responsibilities. What happens if the person providing the core energy departs? This does not have to be a disaster, and can be a great way to strengthen others connections to the project. Several centres in Nova Scotia have gone through a number of successful transitions of their primary coordinators. A key is having the other key ingredients in place, including a governing committee or Board of Directors, youth ownership and community connectedness.
We also witnessed in out research energy sources that are alluring but not sustainable. These are most often grant money or the offer of a facility. Building a centre on grant money or the promise of a facility alone, without sufficient attention to the other four factors is a weak foundation from which to build. The other four components play a crucial role in leveraging the source of energy. The fuel will run out if they are not in place.

Result
 This research has identified, the key ingredients that make youth centres successful through youth researchers spending time in a wide range of youth centres across the province and through interviewing those with the greatest investment in them. Although each ingredient is described sequentially, the success comes in the interconnections between them. If funding is cut, it is youth ownership, community connectedness and effective coordination that are the keys to survival. Youth develop ownership if the coordination process gives them opportunities to grow and learn and if they find meaningful opportunities to mentor or be mentored through special relationships developed at the centre. Community connectedness grows and volunteers get involved when adult see that youth care about the centre. If energy is focused on all five interconnected concepts, a special youth gathering place can result.